Which athlete category typically requires greater fat mass for optimal performance?

Linemen typically require greater fat mass for optimal performance due to the nature of their position in football, which emphasizes strength, size, and power over speed or endurance. These athletes often engage in a high-intensity, explosive style of play that demands significant muscle mass and body weight to effectively block and tackle opponents. The additional fat mass can provide a buffer and may also contribute to overall body mass, which is advantageous in certain blocking scenarios and can help in maintaining stability and balance on the field.

In contrast, other athlete categories such as marathon runners, cyclists, and gymnasts are generally associated with lower levels of body fat. Marathon runners and cyclists prioritize endurance and efficiency, necessitating a leaner physique that optimizes oxygen transport and minimizes energy expenditure over long distances. Gymnasts, likewise, benefit from a lower body fat percentage, which contributes to agility, flexibility, and the ability to perform intricate movements. Hence, the requirements of linemen's performance align more closely with maintaining a greater fat mass compared to the other athletic categories mentioned.