Which action is advised if blood glucose levels exceed 250 mg/dL with ketones present?

When blood glucose levels exceed 250 mg/dL accompanied by the presence of ketones, it indicates a potential risk for diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), particularly in individuals with type 1 diabetes. The safest and most effective approach in this scenario is to hydrate and treat with insulin. Hydration is crucial, as it helps to dilute the blood glucose concentration and mitigates the risk of dehydration that can occur due to elevated blood sugar levels. The administration of insulin is equally important, as it helps to lower blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into the cells, thereby reducing the likelihood of ketoacidosis.

Monitoring and addressing both hydration and glucose levels promptly can help prevent serious complications associated with high blood sugar and ketone presence. Actions like increasing exercise intensity would not be advisable because exercise can further elevate blood sugar levels in the absence of proper insulin action. Similarly, avoiding hydration until blood sugar normalizes and waiting for the next meal disregard the immediate need for intervention to manage the condition.